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Bone mineral density and Stroke

Stroke could occur at any age but predominantly affects the elderly. Therefore, the population at the highest risk of stroke is also at a high risk of experiencing osteoporosis. An osteoporosis is a disease of bone that leads to an increased risk of fracture. After stroke, there are many factors which contribute to the loss of bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture. A BMD is a bone mineral density (BMD) test that measures the density of minerals (such as calcium) in your bones using a special X-ray, computed tomography (CT) scan, or ultrasound. This information is used to estimate the strength of your bones.

Why stroke could lead to a higher risk of osteoporosis? The exact mechanism which is responsible for the reduced BMD observed on the hemiplegic side after stroke has not been yet fully understood until now. In 2000, five Japanese scientists have demonstrated that immobilization following acute hemiplegia enhances bone resorption, and it increases inonized serum calcium levels. Later, in the course of stroke, factors such as the degree of functional recovery, duration of the hemiplegia, reduced vitamin D and anticoagulation with warfarin may contribute to ongoing bone loss. After a stroke, these factors cited above contribute to the loss of BMD and fracture. Therefore, a pre-stroke low BMD and vertebral fracture may add to the risk of osteoporosis and fracture, as well as further contribution to additional functional loss. Also, in a consideration that osteoporotic vertebral fractures share some risk factors with stroke such like reduced physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking and poor calcium intake, etc. Continue reading →

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Posted on November 3, 2010